Types of Scaffolding and Safe Practices
The Problem
Scaffolding is essential for many tasks on construction sites, but improper use or failure to follow WorkSafe New Zealand guidelines can lead to collapses, falls, and serious injuries. Some scaffold types are restricted or banned due to their instability. Today, we’ll explore the types of scaffolding, the hazards they present, and how to ensure safe practices to protect yourself and your coworkers.
Identify the Hazards
- Using the Wrong Type of Scaffold for the task.
- Neglecting Inspections, leading to structural failures.
- Overloading Scaffolds, exceeding load limits specified by the manufacturer or competent person.
- Working on Prohibited Scaffolds, such as makeshift or unstable designs.
- Improper Assembly, including failure to follow the manufacturer's or certified designer’s instructions.
Safety Practices and Preventative Measures
Know the Types of Scaffolding:
- Supported Scaffolds:
- Tube and Coupler Scaffold: Common on NZ sites, using metal tubes and fittings.
- Mobile Scaffold: Portable units on wheels or castors.
- Proprietary System Scaffold: Prefabricated components designed by manufacturers.
- Single and Double Pole Scaffolds: Common for brickwork and light-duty work.
- Tube and Coupler Scaffold: Common on NZ sites, using metal tubes and fittings.
- Suspended Scaffolds:
- Platforms suspended by ropes or chains from overhead structures—must be designed and installed by a competent person and used under strict supervision.
- Platforms suspended by ropes or chains from overhead structures—must be designed and installed by a competent person and used under strict supervision.
Follow WorkSafe NZ Prohibited Scaffold Guidelines:
- Never Use Uncertified or Makeshift Scaffolds:
- Lean-to and unsupported scaffolds are prohibited due to their high risk of collapse.
- Lean-to and unsupported scaffolds are prohibited due to their high risk of collapse.
Inspect Scaffolds Before Use:
- Inspections must be carried out by a certified Scaffolder or Competent Person:
- Before the first use.
- After any significant alteration or adverse event (e.g., strong winds or earthquakes).
- At regular intervals not exceeding 7 days.
- Before the first use.
Look For:
- Damaged or missing components.
- Loose or insecure planks or platforms.
- Signs of overloading (e.g., sagging, distortion).
Use the Right Scaffold for the Task:
- Match the scaffold type to job requirements.
- Never modify scaffolds without approval from a certified Scaffolder.
Load Limits and Assembly:
- Always follow manufacturer guidelines and WorkSafe’s Good Practice Guidelines.
- Platforms must be level, secure, and tied or braced to prevent collapse.
Real-Life Case or Scenario
A worker fell nearly 5 metres when an uncertified scaffold, constructed with bracing timber and rope, collapsed under his weight. The scaffold had not been inspected by a competent person, and no engineering documentation existed. This incident led to a serious spinal injury. It could have been avoided by using compliant scaffolding and carrying out proper inspections.
Employee Responsibilities
- Know the type of scaffold being used and confirm it is fit for purpose.
- Inspect scaffolds before use and report any damage or unsafe conditions.
- Never work on prohibited or uncertified scaffold structures.
- Follow load limits and assembly guidelines.
Employer Responsibilities
- Provide safe, compliant scaffolds inspected and signed off by a certified Scaffolder.
- Ensure inspections are completed regularly by a competent person.
- Repair or replace damaged scaffolding immediately.
- Provide workers with training on scaffold types and safe use.
Discussion & Questions
- “Have you worked with any of the scaffold types we discussed today?”
- “Have you ever encountered damaged scaffolding or unsafe conditions? How was it handled?”
- “What steps can we take as a team to ensure we’re always using scaffolding safely?”
Commitment/Action Plan
Let’s commit to inspecting all scaffolds before use, reporting unsafe conditions, and only working on scaffolding that complies with WorkSafe NZ regulations. Before starting today’s work, take a few minutes to confirm your scaffold is safe, certified, and appropriate for the job.
Wrap-Up
Scaffold safety starts with awareness and ends with action. By knowing the different scaffold types, following WorkSafe NZ guidelines, and inspecting equipment regularly, we can prevent injuries and keep everyone safe. Thank you for taking scaffold safety seriously.
Standards Overview
- WorkSafe NZ Scaffolding in New Zealand – Good Practice Guidelines:
- All scaffolding over 5 metres high must be erected, altered, and dismantled by a certified Scaffolder.
- Inspections must be completed by a competent person.
- Uncertified, makeshift, and unstable scaffolds are not permitted.
- All scaffolding over 5 metres high must be erected, altered, and dismantled by a certified Scaffolder.
Disclaimer
These toolbox talks are provided for informational and educational purposes only and are not a substitute for professional legal, health and safety, or regulatory advice.
The content reflects recognised best practices and general industry standards as at the date of publication. However, it may not be applicable to all workplace environments or specific operational contexts.
It is the responsibility of the Person Conducting a Business or Undertaking (PCBU), as well as officers, workers, and other duty holders under the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA), to ensure compliance with all relevant laws, regulations, and WorkSafe New Zealand guidance.
The authors, presenters, and distributors of this toolbox talk disclaim all liability for any loss, damage, or injury arising from the use or reliance on the information provided. Users should seek advice from a suitably qualified health and safety professional or legal advisor for guidance tailored to their specific circumstances.
Always follow your organisation’s policies, procedures, and safe work practices to manage risks and maintain a safe and healthy workplace.
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