Safety Data Sheets: Navigating the 16 Sections
The Problem
For decades, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) provided chemical safety information, but their inconsistent formats often made it difficult to locate critical safety details during emergencies. Imagine navigating a chemical spill with no clear structure for safety data—this confusion posed serious risks. The transition to the Globally Harmonised System (GHS) and the standardised 16-section Safety Data Sheet (SDS) format addresses this issue by organising all chemical safety information in a clear, consistent format, ensuring quick reference and effective emergency response.
Identify the Hazards
- Inconsistent Formats: Previous MSDS formats varied widely, making it hard to find first aid or emergency response information quickly.
- Delayed Emergency Responses: Unclear or scattered data could slow down first aid, spill containment, or firefighting actions.
- Incomplete Hazard Understanding: Workers might miss vital information about PPE, handling, or storage due to disorganised documents.
Safety Practices and Preventative Measures
To manage these risks, every worker should be familiar with the new 16-section SDS format, grouped into key parts:
Immediate Response Information (Sections 1–8):
- Identification: Chemical name, supplier details, and emergency contact.
- Hazard Identification: Signal words (e.g., “Danger”), classification, and pictograms.
- Composition: Hazardous ingredients and concentrations.
- First Aid Measures: Procedures for inhalation, skin or eye contact, and ingestion.
- Fire-Fighting Measures: Suitable extinguishing methods, specific hazards, and PPE.
- Accidental Release Measures: Spill cleanup procedures and containment methods.
- Handling and Storage: Guidelines for safe handling and storage conditions.
- Exposure Controls / Personal Protection: Engineering controls and required PPE.
Technical Information (Sections 9–11):
9. Physical and Chemical Properties: Boiling point, flash point, etc.
10. Stability and Reactivity: Conditions to avoid, incompatible materials.
11. Toxicological Information: Health effects and symptoms of exposure.
Additional Information (Sections 12–15 - not mandatory under GHS but often included):
12. Ecological Information: Environmental impact.
13. Disposal Considerations: Disposal methods and regulations.
14. Transport Information: Transport classification and handling requirements.
15. Regulatory Information: Safety, health, and environmental regulations.
Other Information (Section 16):
16. Date of preparation or last revision and additional reference details.
Real-Life Case or Scenario
During a chemical spill, a worker was exposed to a hazardous substance. The team wasted time searching an outdated MSDS to find the right response measures. With a standardised SDS, they could have gone directly to Section 4 (First Aid) and Section 6 (Spill Procedures), minimising harm and improving response time.
Employee Responsibilities
- Familiarise yourself with the 16-section SDS format.
- Use the SDS to guide safe chemical handling, PPE requirements, and emergency actions.
- Report missing or outdated SDSs immediately.
- In the event of an incident, locate and follow SDS response instructions.
Employer Responsibilities
- Make SDSs easily accessible in physical or electronic formats for all hazardous substances.
- Ensure all workers are trained in how to read and use SDSs and the GHS labelling system.
- Keep SDSs current and available for review during any shift.
- Ensure all hazardous substances are correctly labelled and documented.
Discussion & Questions
- “Which SDS sections would you check first during a chemical exposure?”
- “Have you seen the new SDS format in our workplace?”
- “Do you know where our SDSs are kept and how to access them?”
Encourage team members to share examples of using SDSs or suggest improvements.
Commitment/Action Plan
Let’s commit to reviewing one SDS this week and familiarising ourselves with the 16 sections. Ensure you know where the SDSs are stored and how to use them in an emergency.
Wrap-Up
The GHS-based SDS format improves workplace safety by ensuring consistent and accessible chemical safety information. Understanding the layout and content can save time, prevent injury, and support compliance with WorkSafe NZ regulations.
Standards Overview
WorkSafe NZ supports the Globally Harmonised System (GHS 7) for classification and labelling of hazardous substances under the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act.
- SDSs must be available to workers and aligned with GHS standards.
- Employers are responsible for ensuring that hazardous substances are correctly labelled and documented.
- SDSs must be reviewed and updated every five years or sooner if new information becomes available.
Disclaimer
These toolbox talks are provided for informational and educational purposes only and are not a substitute for professional legal, health and safety, or regulatory advice.
The content reflects recognised best practices and general industry standards as at the date of publication. However, it may not be applicable to all workplace environments or specific operational contexts.
It is the responsibility of the Person Conducting a Business or Undertaking (PCBU), as well as officers, workers, and other duty holders under the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA), to ensure compliance with all relevant laws, regulations, and WorkSafe New Zealand guidance.
The authors, presenters, and distributors of this toolbox talk disclaim all liability for any loss, damage, or injury arising from the use or reliance on the information provided. Users should seek advice from a suitably qualified health and safety professional or legal advisor for guidance tailored to their specific circumstances.
Always follow your organisation’s policies, procedures, and safe work practices to manage risks and maintain a safe and healthy workplace.
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