Preventing Falling Object Hazards

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English (NZ)

The Problem

Falling objects are a leading cause of workplace injuries, particularly on construction sites or where work is being done overhead. Tools, materials, or debris dropped from height can cause serious harm or even fatalities. Today, we’ll discuss how to identify falling object hazards, prevent them, and protect ourselves and our workmates.

Identify the Hazards

  • Tools, materials, or debris accidentally dropped from scaffolds, platforms, or ladders.
  • Unsecured loads on cranes, hoists, or forklifts.
  • Loose materials stored at height without barriers.
  • Workers not wearing safety helmets in areas where there is a risk of falling objects.

Consequences:

  • Head injuries, fractures, or fatalities.
  • Damage to equipment or structures.
  • Breaches of WorkSafe NZ regulations, which could result in enforcement action.

Safety Practices and Preventative Measures

Secure Tools and Materials:

  • Use tool lanyards or closed containers when working at height.
  • Avoid leaving tools or materials near open edges.
  • Secure loose items using toe boards, netting, or edge protection.

Install Protective Barriers:

  • Fit guardrails and toe boards on scaffolding and raised platforms.
  • Use debris netting or catch platforms to intercept falling items.

Inspect and Maintain Equipment:

  • Regularly check cranes, hoists, and lifting gear to ensure loads are properly secured.
  • Inspect slings, hooks, and other lifting equipment for damage.

Wear Appropriate PPE:

  • Always wear a safety helmet in designated areas.
  • Use eye protection or face shields where small debris may fall or bounce.

Establish Exclusion Zones:

  • Mark and restrict access to areas below overhead work.
  • Use signage and barriers to alert workers of overhead hazards.

Training and Awareness:

  • Train all workers on safe handling and securing of materials.
  • Encourage prompt reporting of unsafe conditions or unsecured items.

Real-Life Case or Scenario

Where possible, use an actual incident that you have experienced or been involved in.

A worker on a commercial build was struck by a spanner that fell from a scaffold two storeys above. The spanner was not secured, and the scaffold had no toe boards. The worker received a head injury despite wearing a hard hat. This incident could have been avoided with proper edge protection and tool lanyards.

Employee Responsibilities

  • Secure tools and materials when working at height.

  • Wear PPE, especially safety helmets, when in areas with overhead hazards.

  • Report any unsecured materials or unsafe practices to the site supervisor.

  • Follow all site safety protocols for overhead work.

Employer Responsibilities

  • Provide appropriate safety equipment such as lanyards, toe boards, and PPE.

  • Train workers in safe material handling and fall protection.

  • Identify falling object hazards in the site-specific risk assessment.

  • Set up and enforce exclusion zones below overhead work areas.

Discussion & Questions

  • "Have you experienced or witnessed a falling object incident or near-miss?"
  • "What could we do to improve the securing of tools and materials on-site?"

Encourage open discussion and feedback to identify practical improvements.

Commitment/Action Plan

Let’s commit to securing tools and materials at all times when working at height. Starting today, inspect your workstation, tether your tools, and wear your helmet when entering exclusion zones.

Wrap-Up

Falling objects are entirely preventable. With proper planning, use of equipment, and awareness, we can protect ourselves and each other. Thank you for taking the time to focus on safety today.

Standards Overview

 Under the Health and Safety at Work Act (HSWA) 2015 and WorkSafe NZ guidelines:

  • Employers (PCBU) must eliminate or minimise the risk of falling objects.
  • Regulation 24 of the Health and Safety at Work (General Risk and Workplace Management) Regulations 2016 requires duty holders to prevent the risk of falling objects where there is a likelihood of injury.
  • Safety helmets must be worn where there is a risk of head injury from falling objects.

Disclaimer

These toolbox talks are provided for informational and educational purposes only and are not a substitute for professional legal, health and safety, or regulatory advice.

The content reflects recognised best practices and general industry standards as at the date of publication. However, it may not be applicable to all workplace environments or specific operational contexts.

It is the responsibility of the Person Conducting a Business or Undertaking (PCBU), as well as officers, workers, and other duty holders under the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA), to ensure compliance with all relevant laws, regulations, and WorkSafe New Zealand guidance.

The authors, presenters, and distributors of this toolbox talk disclaim all liability for any loss, damage, or injury arising from the use or reliance on the information provided. Users should seek advice from a suitably qualified health and safety professional or legal advisor for guidance tailored to their specific circumstances.

Always follow your organisation’s policies, procedures, and safe work practices to manage risks and maintain a safe and healthy workplace.

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Last Updated:
April 28, 2025