Choosing the Right Ladder: A Matter of Load and Logic

Ladder Safety
English (NZ)

The Problem

Many workers assume all ladders are the same, but this is a dangerous misconception. Choosing the wrong ladder is like driving a vehicle on a bridge that can’t hold the weight—it’s a recipe for failure and serious injuries. Ladders are manufactured with specific categories and load ratings designed for different tasks, tools, and weights. Today, we’ll cover how to select the correct ladder to prevent accidents and keep everyone safe on site.

Identify the Hazards

  • Using the Wrong Ladder: Domestic ladders (e.g. household-use types) used in a commercial setting can fail under heavier loads.

  • Exceeding Load Ratings: Overloading ladders can lead to structural failure and serious falls.

  • Ignoring Combined Weight: Workers often forget to account for tools, materials, PPE, and body weight when selecting a ladder.
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  • Lack of Inspection: Labels stating the ladder’s load rating may be missing, faded, or ignored.

Safety Practices and Preventative Measures

1. Understand Ladder Types

  • Self-Supporting Ladders: Step ladders, platform ladders, articulated ladders, and dual-access ladders.
  • Non-Self-Supporting Ladders: Extension ladders and single ladders, which require a stable supporting structure.

2. Know the Load Ratings (based on NZ/Australian standards):

  • Domestic: 100 kg – for light home use only.
  • Trade: 120 kg – suitable for light trade work.
  • Industrial: 150 kg – for heavy-duty use on job sites and construction work.
    Always select ladders rated for industrial use when working on commercial or construction sites.

3. Critical Safety Calculation
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 Add up:

  • Your body weight
  • PPE and work clothing
  • Tools and materials carried up the ladder
    Ensure the total weight is within the ladder’s load rating.

4. Inspect Ladders Before Use

  • Ensure the load rating label is present and legible.
  • Look for cracks, missing rungs, bent rails, or worn labelling.

5. Avoid Common Misuse

  • Never exceed the rated capacity.
  • Do not use ladders marked as domestic for professional work.
  • Always double-check ratings before use.

Real-Life Case or Scenario

Where possible, use an actual incident that you have experienced or been involved in.

A worker grabbed a domestic ladder (rated 100 kg) for a job requiring frequent lifting of materials. The combined weight of the worker, PPE, and gear exceeded the limit. Mid-task, the ladder failed, resulting in a fall and a broken arm. The incident could have been prevented by selecting an industrial-rated ladder appropriate for the task.

Employee Responsibilities

  • Use only ladders rated for the specific task.

  • Calculate total load (body + gear + tools) before use.

  • Inspect ladders before use and check that the load rating is visible and appropriate.
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  • Report any missing labels or visible damage immediately.

Employer Responsibilities

  • Provide ladders that meet AS/NZS safety standards and are fit for purpose.

  • Ensure all load rating labels are legible.

  • Train workers on how to properly select ladders and calculate safe loads.

Discussion & Questions

  • What types of ladders are most commonly used on this site?

  • How do you calculate combined weight when selecting a ladder?

  • Has anyone seen or experienced a ladder failure? What happened?

  • What should you do if you're unsure about a ladder’s suitability?

Commitment/Action Plan

Starting today, commit to inspecting your ladder before each use and ensuring the load rating is suitable for your task. Don’t guess—when in doubt, ask your supervisor.

Wrap-Up

Selecting the right ladder isn’t about convenience—it’s about safety. Using the correct type and rating reduces the risk of collapse and injury. Thank you for making ladder safety a priority on this site.

Standards Overview

 WorkSafe NZ refers to AS/NZS 1892 for ladder safety standards.
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  • Ladders must display visible load ratings.

  • Only ladders suited to the task and environment may be used.
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  • Regular inspections must be carried out to ensure ladders remain safe to use.

Disclaimer

These toolbox talks are provided for informational and educational purposes only and are not a substitute for professional legal, health and safety, or regulatory advice.

The content reflects recognised best practices and general industry standards as at the date of publication. However, it may not be applicable to all workplace environments or specific operational contexts.

It is the responsibility of the Person Conducting a Business or Undertaking (PCBU), as well as officers, workers, and other duty holders under the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA), to ensure compliance with all relevant laws, regulations, and WorkSafe New Zealand guidance.

The authors, presenters, and distributors of this toolbox talk disclaim all liability for any loss, damage, or injury arising from the use or reliance on the information provided. Users should seek advice from a suitably qualified health and safety professional or legal advisor for guidance tailored to their specific circumstances.

Always follow your organisation’s policies, procedures, and safe work practices to manage risks and maintain a safe and healthy workplace.

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Last Updated:
May 12, 2025