Safe Practices for Using Portable Ladders
The Problem
Ladders are a common tool on many worksites, but improper use is one of the leading causes of workplace injuries and fatalities. Falls from ladders can result in life-changing injuries or even death. Today, we’ll discuss the hazards associated with ladders and how to use them safely to prevent accidents.
Identify the Hazards
- Using the Wrong Ladder: Ladders that are too short or not suitable for the task can lead to unsafe practices, such as standing on the top rung or using makeshift extensions.
- Improper Use: Overreaching, climbing the rear side of a step ladder, or carrying tools by hand while climbing.
- Unstable Setup: Using ladders on uneven or slippery surfaces or leaning a step ladder against a wall.
- Damaged Ladders: Broken rungs, bent stiles, or other defects that compromise ladder integrity.
Safety Practices and Preventative Measures
Choose the Right Ladder
- Use a ladder that is the correct length for the job.
- Never use makeshift extensions like lashing two ladders together.
- Select the appropriate ladder type (e.g., step ladder vs. extension ladder).
Set Up Ladders Properly
- Place ladders on firm, level ground to prevent slipping or tipping.
- Follow the 4:1 rule for extension ladders (1 metre out for every 4 metres of height).
- Never lean a step ladder against a wall—it must be fully opened and locked into place.
Climb Safely
- Always maintain three points of contact: two hands and one foot, or two feet and one hand.
- Use a tool belt or hoist—never carry tools or materials in your hands while climbing.
- Keep your body centred between the stiles; your belt buckle should stay between the ladder sides.
Inspect Ladders Before Use
- Check for cracks, bent rungs, or missing anti-slip feet.
- Look for loose or missing hardware.
- Tag damaged ladders as “Out of Service” and report them immediately.
Handle Ladders Correctly
- Do not climb the rear side of a step ladder—the cross-braces are not designed for climbing.
- Never set up ladders on vehicles, trailers, or other unstable platforms.
Dispose of Damaged Ladders
- Do not attempt DIY repairs or reuse parts from broken ladders.
- Remove damaged ladders from site to prevent accidental use.
Real-Life Case or Scenario
On a recent job, a worker used a step ladder with a missing anti-slip foot on an uneven surface. The ladder slipped during use, resulting in a serious back injury. A simple pre-use inspection could have identified the issue and prevented the fall.
Employee Responsibilities
- Inspect ladders before each use for damage or defects.
- Use safe climbing practices and avoid overreaching.
- Report unsafe ladders or conditions to the supervisor.
Employer Responsibilities
- Provide ladders that are well-maintained and compliant with CSA standards.
- Train workers in safe ladder use and inspection.
- Remove damaged ladders from service without delay.
Discussion & Questions
- What ladder hazards have you encountered on-site?
- Has anyone witnessed or experienced a ladder-related incident? What can we learn from it?
Commitment/Action Plan
Let’s commit to inspecting ladders before every use and following proper ladder safety practices. From today, if you see a damaged or misused ladder, speak up and report it. Safety starts with awareness.
Wrap-Up
Falls from ladders are entirely preventable. By taking the time to inspect equipment and follow safety procedures, we can reduce the risk of injury and create a safer work environment. Thank you for your attention and commitment to ladder safety.
Standards Overview
- Canadian occupational health and safety regulations require all ladders to be regularly inspected and removed from use if damaged.
- Ladders must meet appropriate load ratings as per CSA standards, typically supporting at least four times the intended load.
- Extension ladders must be set up at a safe angle—generally, one metre out for every four metres of height.
- Employers must ensure ladders are appropriate for the task and that workers are trained in their safe use.
Disclaimer
“The information provided in this toolbox talk is intended for informational and educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional legal, safety, or regulatory advice. The content reflects general best practices and industry standards but may not be applicable to all workplace environments or jurisdictions.
It is the responsibility of employers, supervisors, and workers to ensure compliance with applicable federal, provincial, and territorial laws, regulations, and standards, including but not limited to those set by the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS) and relevant provincial occupational health and safety authorities. Site App Pro, its affiliates, agents, or representatives—as well as the authors, presenters, and distributors of this toolbox talk—assume no liability for the use or application of the information provided.
Participants are strongly encouraged to consult appropriate legal, safety, or regulatory professionals regarding specific workplace concerns or questions. Always adhere to your organisation’s policies and procedures for health and safety and hazard management.
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