Safe Practices for Using Extension Ladders
The Problem
Extension ladders are versatile tools that help us work efficiently at heights, but they can quickly become dangerous when used improperly. Every year, ladder-related falls result in serious injuries or fatalities—most of which are preventable. Today, we’ll focus on how to safely use portable extension ladders to eliminate risks and ensure everyone goes home safely.
Identify the Hazards
- Using ladders that are too short or unsuitable for the task.
- Standing on unsafe rungs, such as the top rungs labelled unsafe.
- Improper positioning, like leaning too far or setting up ladders on unstable ground.
- Misuse, such as using ladders as horizontal walkboards or scaffolding.
Safety Practices and Preventative Measures
Choose the Right Ladder for the Job
- Use a ladder of the correct length to safely reach your work area.
- Never place ladders on makeshift devices, such as boxes or pallets, to gain extra height.
- Avoid lashing two ladders together to create a longer ladder—always take the time to get the proper equipment.
Use the Ladder as Intended
- Do not use ladders as walkboards or scaffolding by laying them horizontally over trenches or saw horses.
- Only one person should use the ladder at a time unless it’s specifically designed for two users.
Proper Positioning and Usage
- Safe Standing Practices: Stand on the lowest rung possible to perform your task. Never stand on or above any rung labelled unsafe by the manufacturer.
- Maintain Points of Contact: Always face the ladder, keeping both feet on the same rung. Use at least one hand for a firm grip on the ladder at all times. If using both hands, support your upper body by leaning into the ladder—never lean backward.
- Body Positioning: Keep your body centred between the side rails to avoid tipping. Avoid overreaching—your belt buckle (or sternum) should always stay between the rails.
Assess the Job Requirements
- For certain tasks, scaffolding, mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs), or other equipment may be safer alternatives.
- Assess the job and choose the safest option.
Real-Life Case or Scenario
A worker once attempted to use an extension ladder that was too short for the task. To gain height, they placed the ladder on stacked pallets. The pallets shifted, causing the worker to fall and break their arm. This accident could have been avoided by simply using the correct ladder and positioning it properly.
Employee Responsibilities
- Inspect ladders before use for defects or instability.
- Choose the correct ladder size and set it up securely.
- Follow safe climbing practices, maintaining three points of contact.
- Report unsafe ladders or hazardous practices immediately.
Employer Responsibilities
- Provide properly maintained and inspected ladders.
- Ensure employees are trained in safe ladder practices.
- Provide alternative equipment (e.g., scaffolding or MEWPs) when ladders are not suitable for the task.
Discussion & Questions
- Have you ever seen someone misusing an extension ladder? What were the consequences?
- What do you check for during a ladder inspection?
- Are there any other concerns or tips for staying safe while using extension ladders?
Allow employees to share experiences or insights.
Commitment/Action Plan
Let’s commit to taking an extra minute to select and inspect our ladders before each use. If a ladder doesn’t seem safe or fit for the job, speak up and request the proper equipment. Ladder safety is not just about climbing—it’s about making the right choices.
Wrap-Up
Extension ladders are essential tools when used correctly, but they can also be deadly when misused. Let’s stay safe by following these guidelines and committing to best practices every time we work at height. Safety is everyone’s responsibility.
Standards Overview
Canadian occupational health and safety regulations require that ladders be suitable for the task, used safely, and maintained in good condition. Employers have responsibilities under federal and provincial occupational health and safety laws to ensure all equipment, including ladders, is safe to use.
Employers must ensure:
- Workers are trained and competent in ladder use.
- Ladders are inspected before use.
- The right equipment is provided for working at height.
Disclaimer
“The information provided in this toolbox talk is intended for informational and educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional legal, safety, or regulatory advice. The content reflects general best practices and industry standards but may not be applicable to all workplace environments or jurisdictions.
It is the responsibility of employers, supervisors, and workers to ensure compliance with applicable federal, provincial, and territorial laws, regulations, and standards, including but not limited to those set by the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS) and relevant provincial occupational health and safety authorities. Site App Pro, its affiliates, agents, or representatives—as well as the authors, presenters, and distributors of this toolbox talk—assume no liability for the use or application of the information provided.
Participants are strongly encouraged to consult appropriate legal, safety, or regulatory professionals regarding specific workplace concerns or questions. Always adhere to your organisation’s policies and procedures for health and safety and hazard management.
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